Greenwich Mean Time vs. Coordinated Universal Time

By the mid-nineteenth century, Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) had been established as the primary reference time zone for the British Empire and for much of the world. GMT is based on the line of longitude running through the Greenwich Observatory located in the suburbs of London. GMT, as the mean within its name, would indicate, represented the time zone of a hypothetically average day at Greenwich. GMT disregarded the fluctuations in the normal earth-sun interaction. Thus, noon GMT represented the average noon at Greenwich throughout the year. Over time, time zones became established based on GMT as being x number of hours ahead or behind GMT. Interestingly, the clock began at noon under GMT so noon was represented by zero hours. UTC As more sophisticated time pieces became available to scientists, the need for a new international time standard became apparent. Atomic clocks did not need to keep time based on the average solar time at a particular location because they were very, very accurate. In addition, it became understood that due to the irregularity of the earth and the suns movements, the exact time needed to be modified occasionally through the use of leap seconds. With this precise accuracy of time, UTC was born. UTC, which stands for Coordinated Universal Time in English and Temps universel coordonnà © in French, was abbreviated UTC as a compromise between CUT and TUC in English and French, respectively. UTC, while based on zero degrees longitude, which passes through the Greenwich Observatory, is based on atomic time and includes leap seconds as they are added to our clock every so often. UTC was used beginning in the mid-twentieth century but became the official standard of world time on January 1, 1972. UTC is 24-hour time, which begins at 0:00 at midnight. 12:00 is noon, 13:00 is 1 p.m., 14:00 is 2 p.m. and so on until 23:59, which is 11:59 p.m. Time zones today are a certain number of hours or hours and minutes behind or ahead of UTC. UTC is also known as Zulu time in the world of aviation. When European Summer Time is not in effect, UTC matches the time zone of the United Kingdom. Today, it is most appropriate to use and refer to time based on UTC and not on GMT.

Btec Unit 8,P1 Health and Social Essay - 1253 Words

UNIT 8-P1 Describe the application of behaviorist perspectives in health and social care. In this task I will discuss the application/part of behaviorist perspectives in health and social care. Behaviourist approach In Psychology learning is seen as a change in behaviour caused by an experience. Behaviorism, is seen as a learning theory; an attempt to explain how people or animals learn by studying their behaviour. The Behaviourists Approach has two theories to help explain how we learn, Classical conditioning and operant conditioning. In this task I will attempt to describe and evaluate this approach. Ivan Pavlov was a Russian Physiologist. At the end of the 19th century Pavlov was conducting research into the physiology of†¦show more content†¦Watson believed that psychology had failed to become a natural science, due to the focus on consciousness which he thought of as very unscientific and subjective. He believed that theories should be supported by careful scientific study of observable behaviour through laboratory studies. Inspired by the work of Ivan Pavlov, Watson conducted his own experiment, with the help of his assistant Rosalie Rayner, to show classical conditioning in humans. Watson and Rayner wanted to show that the principles of classical conditioning could be applied to emotions, such as fear. Watson believed that when children reacted to loud noises, it was because of fear, and that this fear was an unconditioned reflex. Little Albert an 11 month old boy was chosen as the participant. Watson identified that a white rat did not provoke any fear response in Albert, so it was a neutral stimulus. Little Albert was then exposed to the white rat, but every time he reached out to touch it Watson would make a loud noise. Albert would get frightened and start to cry. After repeating this several times, Albert started getting frightened just by seeing the rat. Just like the bell in Pavlovs experiment, the white rat had become a conditioned stimulus to Albert. Watson therefore concluded that even compl ex behaviour such as fear was a learned response. Edward Thorndike, an American Psychologist, believed that learning could also take place through trial and error, and not justShow MoreRelatedUnit 8 P1 and M11566 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Assignment brief – QCF BTEC Assignment front sheet Qualification Unit number and title Level 3 BTEC National Diploma in Health and Social Care (QCF) Unit 8 – Psychological Perspectives for Health and Social care. Learner name Assessor name Kamila Patrycja Zgadzaj Kwame Attikpoe Date issued Hand in deadline Submitted on 5th December, 2014 15th December, 2014 15/12/14 Assignment title Explain the principal psychological perspectives and assess different psychological approaches to study. InRead MoreEssay on Pdf Unit 45 Level 3 Health and Social Care3593 Words   |  15 PagesUnit 45: Independent Learning in Health and Social Care Unit code: D/600/9026 QCF Level 3: BTEC Nationals Credit value: 10 Guided learning hours: 60 Aim and purpose This unit aims to enable learners to work independently and contribute effectively in a learning environment. Learners will be able to focus on learning and how they approach the process of learning, including learning choices, methods of learning and resources. Unit introduction Learners are increasingly being encouraged toRead MoreAssignment Brief to Break Down Unit 5 Health and Social Care Level 11545 Words   |  7 PagesBTEC Extended Diploma Level 3 Assignment Brief Course Title: Extended Diploma Level 3 in Health and Social Care Unit : 5 Assignment Title: Anatomy Physiology Scenario/Vocational Context: This unit introduces core knowledge of cellular structure and function, and the organisation of the body as a whole, and then builds on this to develop a more detailed knowledge of the fine anatomy and physiology of the systems involved in energy metabolism. Functional Skills Development: This assignmentRead MoreTitle: Discrimination and Social Care3818 Words   |  16 Pagesnew Unit 2: Equality, Diversity and Rights in Health and Social Care Unit code: D/600/9222 QCF Level 3: BTEC Nationals Credit value: 10 Guided learning hours: 60 Aim and purpose This unit aims to develop learners’ understanding of concepts related to equality, diversity and rights in health and social care. Learners will be able to gain knowledge of discriminatory practice and means of combatting this. They will also develop understanding of national initiatives thatRead Morehnt travel tourism3075 Words   |  13 PagesBTEC National Level 3 Travel and Tourism 2010 13 Unit 13: Tour Operations Unit 13 Tour Operations Unit 13 Overview 10 Credits Tour operators play a very important role in travel and tourism, by arranging the package holidays that are such an important feature of life in the 21st century. Tour operators are at the forefront of today’s travel and tourism sector, seeking out new destinations and holiday experiences to satisfy the ever-changing needs and expectations of travellersRead MoreThe UK as a Destination3479 Words   |  14 Pagesï » ¿ BTEC Level 3 Diploma in Travel and Tourism Long-haul Travel Destinations (Unit 8) 10 Credits Unit. Assessment Tutor: Simon Smith Internal Verifier: Elizabeth Gensler Internally Verified and Approved: September 2013 Handed to students: Week commencing 9th September 2013 Assessment hand in date: Specific Dates are included in the Course Assessment Schedule Assignment front sheet LearnerRead MoreExplain key influences on personal learning processes of individuals4164 Words   |  17 PagesUnit 6: Personal and Professional Development in Health and Social Care Unit code: D/600/8958 QCF Level 3: BTEC Nationals Credit value: 20 Guided learning hours: 120 Aim and purpose This unit aims to enable learners to understand the learning process and to give them the skills they need to plan for, monitor and reflect on their professional development. Learners will then be able to investigate and gain an understanding of health or social care provision. Learners mustRead MoreBusiness: Marketing and Promotional Campaign1596 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ BTEC Level 3 National in Business Unit 9: Creative Product Promotion Unit code: Y/502/5425 QCF Level 3: BTEC National Credit value: 10 Guided learning hours: 60 Start Date: 11th January 2012 Interim Date: 7th February 2012 Finish Date: 5th April 2012 Teacher: Mrs C Hamps Student Name: Grading Criteria To achieve a pass grade the evidence must show that the learner is able to: To achieveRead MoreExplain the Concepts of Equality, Diversity and Rights in Relation to Health and Social Care3241 Words   |  13 PagesBTEC Extended Diploma Health and Social Care Unit 2: Equality, diversity and rights in health and social care. P1, P2, P3, M1- Concepts and discriminatory and anti-discriminatory practices. 6th November 2012 By Grace Kirby. Contents Page: Page 3 – 5 Part 1(P1): Explains concepts of equality, diversity and rights in relation to health and social care. Page 5 – 8 Part 2(P2): Describes discriminatory practices in health and social care. Page 9 - Part 3(P3): Describes the potential effectsRead MoreUnit 38 Business and Economic Environment4792 Words   |  20 PagesUnit 38: Unit code: QCF Level 3: Credit value: Business and the Economic Environment T/502/5500 BTEC National 10 Guided learning hours: 60 Aim and purpose The aim of this unit is to introduce learners to the interaction between the general economic environment and business activity and how the interactions generate national wellbeing. Learners will study how government activities regulate and influence business activities and how business activities influence government action and policy

Communicating Corporate Social Responsibility †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Communicating Corporate Social Responsibility. Answer: Introduction A brand can be defined as the name, symbol, design or term capable of creating a distinction between the products of an organization and its competitors in the eyes of the customers (Wheeler, 2012). A new brand suffers from the lack of awareness among the target market due to its unpopularity in relation with the other popular brands. A new brand named LazzZy is started as a brand of casual clothing for both males and females which provides a range of hoodies, dresses, shorts, trousers and t-shirts including oversized t-shirts. Moreover, LazzZy also provides an exclusive variety of flip-flops, snoozies and eye masks within reasonable prices. The brand provides premium quality products at comparatively lower prices than the other popular brands which therefore increase its favorability in the minds of the target customers. It aims to serve its customers with a wide range of products which ultimately give them a stylish and fashionable look without requiring them to sacrifice their comfort zone. Brand identity can also be defined as the way business wants to be perceived by buyers (Mclntyre, Melewar Dennis, 2016). Brand identity covers various components shaped by the business for the purpose of presenting the value the corporate is trying to bring to the marketplace and to appeal to its clients (Budelmann, Kim Woznaik, 2010). LazzZy is a newly incorporated brand for the people who like to stay stylish without leaving their comfort zone. This basic motive of the brand is clearly demarcated with its tagline This is who you are. It provides a wide range of basic as well as funky clothes for males and females within an affordable price range. This brand wants to be perceived by its buyers as the destination for trendy clothing and accessories range within a budget. Moreover, LazzZy brand is wholly addressed to those people who prefer loose and comfortable clothes instead of tight clothes in their day to day life. Brand personality can be often referred to as the description of a brand in terms of human personality traits. It also determines the relationship that consumer shares with a brand (Franzen Moriarty, 2015). Customers are attracted to purchase a brand if the personality of the brand appears to them like their own (Gordon Zainuddin Magee, 2016). LazzZy, therefore, portrays the image of an everyday lazy life which many people find to be related to their own. It chooses excitement as its brand personality which is synonymous with a carefree, determined and youthful attitude. Moreover, it has targeted the everyday attitude of the youth nowadays as they are more comfortable in being what they are instead of pretending to be something they arent. LazzZy has adopted powerful and clear strategies of differentiation which are adjustable and directly linked to the inner characteristics of a brand. This in turn creates strong identity for the brand (Guedes Roncha, 2011). The brand image of LazzZy depicts the trust it has gathered with its quality and long lasting clothes for every mood of an individual. Moreover, the brand makes the use of soft and wrinkle free material in the manufacturing of its products which creates a unique and positive image in the minds of its customers. The brand image of LazzZy has acted as the determining factor and has significantly increased the sale of its products (Marketing 91, 2016). Products and Prices LazzZy provides a diversified product range of apparels including sweatshirts, hoodies, shorts, t-shirts, trousers, capris for both men and women within a reasonable price range i.e. 2K 10k. It also makes available a variety of accessories such as snoozies, flip flops, eye-mask and caps starting from Rs.500 onwards. All the products are available in a variety of sizes and colors for meeting the customized requirements of the customers. The brand also provides the products at the discounted prices at the time of festivals and new year. Moreover, there is also an option for the customers to exchange the products in case of any defect or size issue. The marketing communication strategy includes the various strategies used by a brand in order to inform, influence or convince their target audience regarding their products (Grin, 2014). The communication strategy has played a vital role to bridge the gap between the target audience and the brand LazzZy with the help of the elements of Communication mix to achieve its advertising and marketing objectives (McCartney, Butler Bennett, 2008). The communication mix refers to the various methods used by LazzZy to achieve the communication objectives for the purpose of promoting their products to the targeted customers (Dahlen, Lange Smith, 2010). LazzZy adopts methods like advertisement, sales promotion, public relations, publicity, viral marketing, social marketing, experimental marketing, direct marketing and personal marketing for communicating information relating to latest offers, discounts, sale and new collections to their targeted customers. Advertisement- LazzZy advertises its products on billboards, social media, Youtube, promotion events (malls and airports) and through street marketing. Though advertising is very expensive for an unestablished brand like LazzZy, still its large reach has enabled the brand to address the geographically dispersed audiences with low cost per exposure. Advertisement has developed a new perception in the minds of the customers towards the brand LazzZy to be more legitimate. Advertising has helped LazzZy in building of brand image as well as in stimulating the short term sales (Aaker Biel, 2013). Sales Promotion- LazzZy makes the use of sales promotion technique for attracting the customers towards their brand. It organizes various contests, referral gifts and prizes for engaging the interests of its customers (Westberg Pope, 2014). Moreover, it often organizes a frequent shopper program where the maximum spender of the month gets free shopping worth 10K. Once in every 3 months it provides the offer in which two products are provided in the price of one. The adoption of sales promotion techniques have resulted in boosting of the sagging sales of the brand (Akinyele Olorunleke, 2010). Public Relations- The extended media outreach has stimulated the public relations for the brand (Chung, Lee Heath, 2013). Furthermore, LazzZy often participates in community events by the way of sponsorships and competitions. Public relation technique has helped the brand to reach those prospects that are missed via other forms of promotion. Publicity- LazzZy has made the use of social media to generate publicity for itself by creating pages on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. The pages are regularly updated with the latest offers relating to discounts, sale and arrival of new collection with the view to keep its followers informed. Also, the customers who have updated their phone numbers with the stores are sent messages related to such offers and any other achievement by the brand, for example- LazzZy achieved the sales target of 1,00,000 customers in the last month. Publicity is also aimed by sponsorship of social events by the brand and by frequent press releases and press conferences for the launch of new range of products (Skard Thorbjrnsen, 2014). Viral Marketing- This technique is used by LazzZy by the way of formulating funny and unique messages and videos on Youtube and Facebook such that the websites and users are induced to forward such messages to other websites and users (Hudson, Huang, Roth Madden, 2016). Viral Marketing has played a crucial role in increasing the brand awareness for LazzZy (Tech Target, 2017). Social Marketing- LazzZy has aimed at creating mass awareness regarding the range of their products by keeping the social media pages active and updated (Tsimonis Dimitriadis, 2014). Facebook has played an important role in communicating the latest offers to the people (Dehghani Tumer, 2015).Furthermore, LazzZy has also collaborated with some of the famous fashion bloggers for the promotion of their products through the popularity and fan following of those bloggers. Experimental Marketing- Experimental marketing has helped LazzZy to focus on touchpoints that the customers love and value (2CV, 2017). The experiences of the customers and their buying patterns is analyzed to make further strategies for the brand with the use of eclectic methods and tools by considering consumer as a rational person (Atwal Williams, 2017). Direct Marketing- LazzZy often makes the use of direct advertising techniques of communication mix such as telephone marketing, online advertising, catalogs, direct mail and text messages. This works as a customized and interactive way to promote the products as it includes the aspects of both personal selling and sales promotion (Armstrong, Adam, Denize Kotler, 2014). The communication with the customers through this way has helped LazzZy in seeking a response from its customers ((Kokemuller, 2017). Personal Marketing- Personal selling of the brand is somewhere integrated with the direct marketing element of the brand . The brand LazzZy participates in fairs and trade shows, telemarketing and business to business selling for promoting its sales through the adoption of proper communication techniques. Retail stores of the brand are an important part of this method. Personal interaction has enabled the brand to receive feedback and accordingly make adjustments (Huang Sarigollu, 2014). LazzZy aims to target both males and females within the age group of 15-35 years. Therefore, the brand basically targets teenagers to adults for their product range. The brand provides products in a reasonable price range, therefore, they are affordable by almost every average income group (D'Souza, Gilmore, Hartmann, Apaolaza Ibez Sullivan?Mort, 2015). Moreover, it targets those individuals who cannot sacrifice their comfort zone for looking stylish in their day to day lives. Positioning to customer segment LazzZy has managed to create the positioning of the brand with the help of marketing mix- price, place, product and promotion. LazzZy has generated competitive range to stand in the market with various combinations of color and style within an affordable price range. Moreover, other products like eye masks, snoozies, and flip-flops have become the first choice of the customers due to its amazing quality. The brand communicates proper marketing messages to the target customers with the view to enable them to differentiate between the products offered by other competitive brand (Hassan, Husi?-Mehmedovi? Duverger, 2015). This has led to the increased customer loyalty towards the brand which in turn has resulted in higher brand equity. Brand equity has also protected LazzZy against the competitive threat and has reduced the price sensitivity. Brand Touchpoints are those points which are basis of interaction of the customer with the brand (Abbing, 2017). This is who you are these words comprise one of the most remarkable slogans which create a strong impact in the minds of the customers and therefore attract them for making the purchases (People Design, 2017). The customers experience a level of comfort and relation with the brand LazzZy since the name itself depicts the unwillingness of leaving the comfort zone. The customers can easily link themselves with the brand as it fulfills the desire of an individual to look stylish and fashionable without making any efforts for it. Such touchpoint has enabled the customers shifting from the consideration of the brand to actually making the purchases (Baxendale, Macdonald Wilson, 2015). The touchpoints of LazzZy are often associated with the advertising, website and shopping experience of its customers (Fryer, 2014). Conclusion A brand faces a lot of challenges when it enters a market (Izquierdo-Yusta, Labajo, Jimnez-Zarco Martnez-Ruiz, 2016). The brand LazzZy effectively deals with its customers and their diversified mind sets. This has led the brand to build a positive brand image in the minds of its customers regarding its products. Moreover, the customers trust the brand which is visible from its increasing followers on the social media. The communication strategy adopted by the brand has resulted in increased sales of its products over the period of time. LazzZy is therefore expected to be one of the leading brands in the upcoming time. References 2CV. 2017. A new communications mix?, [Online]. Available at: https://www.2cv.com/what-we-think/2013/09/a-new-communications-mix.aspx [Accessed on: 14 November 2017]. Aaker, D.A. and Biel, A., 2013.Brand equity advertising: advertising's role in building strong brands. Psychology Press. Abbing, E. R. 2017. Brand-driven Innovation: Strategies for Development and Design. Bloomsbury Publishing. Akinyele, S.T. and Olorunleke, K., 2010. Evaluation of effectiveness of marketing communication mix elements in Nigerian service sector.Pakistan Jownal of Social Sciences,7(2), pp.76-80. Armstrong, G., Adam, S., Denize, S. and Kotler, P., 2014. Principles of marketing. Pearson Australia. Atwal, G. and Williams, A., 2017. Luxury brand marketingthe experience is everything!. InAdvances in Luxury Brand Management(pp. 43-57). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. Baxendale, S., Macdonald, E.K. and Wilson, H.N., 2015. The impact of different touchpoints on brand consideration.Journal of Retailing,91(2), pp.235-253. Budelmann, K., Kim, Y. and Woznaik, C. 2010. Brand Identity Essentials: 100 Principles for Designing Logos and Building Brands. Rockport Publishers. Chung, J.Y., Lee, J. and Heath, R.L., 2013. Public relations aspects of brand attitudes and customer activity. Public Relations Review, 39(5), pp.432-439. Dahlen, M., Lange, F. and Smith, T. 2010. Marketing Communications: A Brand Narrative Approach. John Wiley Sons. Dehghani, M. and Tumer, M., 2015. A research on effectiveness of Facebook advertising on enhancing purchase intention of consumers.Computers in Human Behavior,49, pp.597-600. D'Souza, C., Gilmore, A.J., Hartmann, P., Apaolaza Ibez, V. and Sullivan?Mort, G., 2015. Male eco?fashion: a market reality. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 39(1), pp.35-42. Franzen, G. and Moriarty, S. E. 2015. The Science and Art of Branding. Routledge. Fryer, M. 2014. How Brand Touchpoints Can Transform YOUR Brand, [Online]. Available at: https://howtobuildabrand.org/branding/how-touchpoints-can-transform-brand-strategy/ [Accessed on: 14 November 2017]. Gordon, R., Zainuddin, N., and Magee, C., 2016. Unlocking the potential of branding in social marketing services: utilising brand personality and brand personality appeal.Journal of Services Marketing,30(1), pp.48-62. Grin. 2014. Marketing communication strategies for fashion brands and measurements of efficiency, [Online]. Available at: https://www.grin.com/en/e-book/285683/marketing-communication-strategies-for-fashion-brands-and-measurements [Accessed on: 14 November 2017]. Guedes, M.D.G. and Roncha, A.I., 2011, October. Communication strategies and processes within fashion brands: Nordic brands as case studies for successful communication strategies. InVI International Congress on Design Research: an agenda for Design. CIPED. Hassan, S., Husi?-Mehmedovi?, M. and Duverger, P., 2015. Retaining the allure of luxury brands during an economic downturn: Can brand globalness influence consumer perception?. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 19(4), pp.416-429. Huang, R. and Sarigollu, E., 2014. How brand awareness relates to market outcome, brand equity, and the marketing mix. InFashion Branding and Consumer Behaviors(pp. 113-132). Springer New York. Hudson, S., Huang, L., Roth, M.S. and Madden, T.J., 2016. The influence of social media interactions on consumerbrand relationships: A three-country study of brand perceptions and marketing behaviors.International Journal of Research in Marketing,33(1), pp.27-41. Izquierdo-Yusta, A., Labajo, V., Jimnez-Zarco, A.I. and Martnez-Ruiz, M.P., 2016. Online Distribution Strategies: A Mix of Globalization and Diversification in the Fashion Market. InHandbook of Research on Strategic Retailing of Private Label Products in a Recovering Economy(pp. 491-512). IGI Global. Kokemuller, N. 2017. What Is a Marketing Communication Mix?, [Online]. Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/marketing-communication-mix-63541.html [Accessed on: 14 November 2017]. Marketing 91. 2016. What is brand image and its importance to an organization?, [Online]. Available at: https://www.marketing91.com/brand-image/ [Accessed on: 14 November 2017]. McCartney, G., Butler, R. and Bennett, M., 2008. A strategic use of the communication mix in the destination image-formation process.Journal of Travel Research,47(2), pp.183-196. Mclntyre, C., Melewar, T. C. and Dennis, C. 2016. Multi-Channel Marketing, Branding and Retail Design: New Challenges and Opportunities. Emerald Group Publishing. People Design. 2017. Brand Touchpoints, [Online]. Available at: https://www.peopledesign.com/brand-identity-essentials/brand-touchpoints [Accessed on: 14 November 2017]. Skard, S. and Thorbjrnsen, H., 2014. Is publicity always better than advertising? The role of brand reputation in communicating corporate social responsibility.Journal of Business Ethics,124(1), pp.149-160. Tech Target. 2017. Viral Marketing, [Online]. Available at: https://searchsalesforce.techtarget.com/definition/viral-marketing [Accessed on: 14 November 2017]. Tsimonis, G. and Dimitriadis, S., 2014. Brand strategies in social media. Marketing Intelligence Planning, 32(3), pp.328-344. Westberg, K. and Pope, N., 2014. Building brand equity with cause-related marketing: A comparison with sponsorship and sales promotion.Journal of Marketing Communications,20(6), pp.419-437. Wheeler, A. 2012. Designing Brand Identity: An Essential Guide for the Whole Branding Team. John Wiley Sons. Woodside, A. G. and Megehee, C. M. 2009. Perspectives on Cross-Cultural, Ethnographic, Brand Image, Storytelling, Unconscious Needs, and Hospitality Guest Research. Emerald Group Publishing.